4-2.1 Summarize the cause-and-effect relationship of the Columbian Exchange.
Essential Questions: What impact did the Columbian Exchange have on American culture?
Learning Tasks/Activities:
Ø The teacher will closely read the interactive essential text with students. During this time it is important to discuss the essential question, to define key vocabulary, to code the text (political, economic, geographic, and social), to discuss the content and to clarify any misconceptions. The teacher and student will interact with the text. The following tasks are to strengthen, to deepen, and to enhance the indicator content and connect to the key concept question. Ø Students will view the Discovery Education video clip “Importance of Christopher Columbus” (1:13 long.). They will analyze the video using the video analysis sheet. (DOK 2-3) or Use the Anticipation Guide (DOK 2) Ø Students will analyze the photograph “Landing of Columbus in the West Indies” from Discovery Education using the photo analysis sheet. (DOK 2-3) Ø Students will analyze the photograph “Columbian Exchange” from Smithsonian using the photo analysis sheet. (DOK 2-3) Ø Students will view the School Tube video clip “The Columbian Exchange” (Beginning at 10 min. 15 sec. to 21 min. 30 sec.). They will analyze the video using the video analysis sheet. (DOK 2-3) Ø (See Teacher Directions sheet). Students will read closely the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History text “The Columbian Exchange.” They will identify and label specific trade origins on a map displaying the New and Old Worlds (See Columbian Exchange map activity). They will answer questions about the text in small group and whole group discussion and/or notebook responses. (DOK 2-3) Ø Students will read closely the information related to the causes and effects of the Columbian Exchange. They will analyze and summarize the positive and negative effects of the Columbian Exchange using the Columbian Exchange Sort and Summary activity. (DOK 2-3) |
It is essential for students to know:
Columbus’ voyages to North American helped in the development of the Columbian Exchange. The exchange between Eastern and Western Hemispheres had positive and negative effects. It also created different ways of life across the world. European settlers introduced wheat, rice, coffee, horses, pigs, cows, and chickens to lands in North America. Native Americans taught the Europeans how to grow corn, potatoes, peanuts, tomatoes, and squash through observation and working alongside one another. The Europeans then carried the crops home to Europe, improving the diet of many Europeans. The introduction of horses also significantly affected the way that Native Americans of the Plains moved and hunted. They were able to more effectively hunt buffalo which greatly impacted their lives. Maize and manioc replaced traditional African crops as the continent’s most staple foods while sweet potatoes and maize contributed to the population growth of Asia. One of the main negative effects is that diseases, such as diphtheria, measles, smallpox, and malaria, first carried inadvertently by the explorers and latter settlers killed many Native Americans. When Native American in New Spain died in large numbers from disease, another source of slaves was needed. As a result, the demand for African slaves increased. This exchange of plants, animals, and diseases is known as the “Columbian Exchange.” |