4-2.2: Compare the various European settlements in North America in terms of economic activities, religious emphasis, government, and lifestyles.
Essential Question: How were European settlements different in North America?
Learning Tasks/Activities:
4-2.2 Ø The teacher will closely read the interactive essential text with students. During this time it is important to discuss the essential question, to define key vocabulary, to code the text (political, economic, geographic, and social), to discuss the content and to clarify any misconceptions. The teacher and student will interact with the text. The following tasks are to strengthen, to deepen, and to enhance the indicator content and connect to the key concept question. Ø Students will view the Discovery Education video clip “Pilgrims Come to America” (2:56 long.). They will analyze the video using the video analysis sheet. (DOK 2-3) or create a Cinquain based on the information from the video. Ø Students will read portions of the Lerner eBook A Timeline of the Thirteen Colonies. Divide students into groups of five and assign each group one chapter to read. As they read, they will record important information on the Colonies graphic organizer. Each group will present its finding to the class. (DOK 1-2) Ø ** Achieve3000 article, “Colonial Era: America Looks Back.” Students can complete a close read on the article in either small group or independent learning station. (DOK 2-3) Ø Students will read closely the ABDO eBook Colonization and Settlement in the New World: 1585-1763 (page 5 to page 37). They will answer Colonization and Settlement in the New World text discussion questions in small group and whole class discussions and/or as notebook responses. (DOK 1-3) Students will read the Achieve3000 article, “The Lost City.” Students can either work in a small group or independent learning station to complete a close read and answer the questions or the students can complete the “Pick 3” power strategy. Ø Students will view the BrainPop Jr. video clip “Thirteen Colonies.” They will analyze the video using the video analysis sheet. (DOK 2-3) or students will complete Thinking Cubes Organizer (DOK 2) as students watch the video. Students may need to watch the video twice in order to get all the information about the colonies. Ø Students will read closely the passage “The Thirteen Colonies: The Beginnings of a New Country” from Kids InfoBits. They will answer Thirteen Colonies text discussion questions in small group and whole class discussions and/or as notebook responses. (DOK 1-3) Ø Students will read the Lerner eBook US History Through Infographics. The students will complete the “Think Like a Journalist” power strategy. |
It is essential for students to know:
Various European settlers included the Spanish, English, French, and Dutch. The Dutch will be mentioned to bring closure to their exploration and land claims in North American. The Spanish colonists settled modern-day Florida and southwestern parts of North America. Many of the explorations were motivated by Spain’s search for gold. Spain established missions in St. Augustine and Santa Fe where Native Americans worked to make a profit for the Spanish. This group of colonies became known as “New Spain.” The English colonists settled along the Atlantic Coast of North America and were motivated by religious freedom or economic opportunity. The Englishmen who settled Jamestown, Virginia in 1607 were motivated by economics. They originally hoped to find gold, but soon began to plant cash crops such as tobacco. The Pilgrims (Plymouth-1620) and the other Puritans who followed went to the northern part of the Atlantic coast to establish a model religious community. This region was called “New England” and it was religiously homogeneous because of its founding as a Puritan/Congregationalist theocracy. (Rhode Island was the exception – founded as a doctrinal splinter “dissenter” refuge.) William Penn gave Quakers the opportunity to practice their religion freely and farm the land, while extending the same change to non-Quakers. They settled in the colonies of Pennsylvania and Delaware. The Dutch founded the colony of New Netherland but did not continue to establish additional colonies. They were eventually forced by the English to give up their colony and the land that was formerly the Dutch colony of New Netherland because the English colonies of New York and New Jersey. The French colonists settled Quebec on the St. Lawrence River and along the Mississippi River. They established a fur trade with Native Americans so they could sell fur pelts in Europe for a profit. New France was sparsely settled, mainly by itinerant trappers/trader Frenchmen who periodically visited the trading posts/settlements. The French government did not allow religious dissenters to settle in their colonies. The economic activities of the colonies were similar in that all three produced food for themselves. Both New Spain and the English colonies produced cash crops for exporting. The English Southern colonies exported tobacco, rice, and indigo. The English Middle colonies exported foods to the Caribbean and other European countries. Unlike the previous group, New England colonies had thick, rocky soil and a cold climate. They exported lumber and built ships to support their economies. New France had a short growing seasons and related a thriving fur trade. By importing natural resources that were plentiful in North America and exporting goods from the mother country to the colonies, the colonies and their mother countries helped to become economically stronger than their European rivals. Religious emphasis often depended on the people and their motivations. The Spanish missionaries converted the native people and established Roman Catholic missions. French settlers also converted the Native Americans to Catholicism. English settlers were mostly Protestants. The first settlers in New England went there to establish a model religious community. They enforced religious conformity and the meeting house was the center of religious activity in their colonies. Quakers who settled in Pennsylvania practiced religious tolerance by allowing others to practice their religious as they chose. The colonists in the English southern colonies had established churches in their communities. (Most were Anglican/ Church of England; Maryland was Catholic.) However, they were more concerned with profit than with religion. This allowed colonists the freedom to make their own religious choices. The government of the Mother Country determined the type of government the colonists would have in the New World. The Spanish and French kings were absolute monarchs, so very little self government was allowed in their colonies. The English had a tradition of legislative representation in Parliament. They allowed their colonies to create colonial legislative branches (legislatures) which largely shared the responsibility of government with governors and other administrators who eventually were all appointed by the crown. Lifestyles varied based on the colony’s origin and location. Many of the settlers learned to trade available natural resources. In the French colonies the settlers were welcomed by the Native Americans and developed fur trade. The Spanish colonies established missions, forts, and ranches as their major lifestyle and were very self-sufficient. In the English colonies, most of the men and women in the Middle and Southern colonies worked on family farms with indentured servants or slaves working alongside the. The women were also responsible for daily chores such as cooking, cleaning, and sewing. Men worked as artisans or store owners in cities and towns in the Middle and New England colonies. The children received enough education to read and write, but most did not continue with further education. Instead young boys would learn specific trades from their fathers through an apprenticeship. The children in the colonies enjoyed activities such as hopscotch, jump rope, tag, and swimming. |